Nelson Mandela -JP

A Great Leader

Introduction

This is a biography of Nelson Mandela; he became famous because of his long walk to freedom. He had a very bad beginning to his life because of whites trying to take the country as their own and to spread Christianity. But he fought for his freedom and then had to go to jail for it. After he came out of prison he still fought and then he became one of the most memorable presidents of South Africa

The start of something big!

‘Trouble Maker’, In Xhosa is Rolihlahla, the name given to a small boy that would become a great leader.

On the 18^th of July 1918 Rolihlahla was born into the Thimbu tribe one of the many that makes up the Xhosa tribe. Rolihlahla’s family lived in the village of Muezo and when he was 2 years old they move to a village called Qunu. Then when he was 7 his father sent him to school.  Nobody in his family had ever gone to school so Rolihlahla was the first. It was a Christian school built by the whites to spread Christianity; the teacher decided to give all the children English names that is how little Rolihlahla became Nelson.

  The tragedy

When poor Nelson was only 9 his father became very ill and sadly died, it was a shock for the whole family especially when his father had not been old at all. Soon his mother could not cope with all 4 children so Nelson went to live with his uncle Jongitaba (but for short Jongi).

Going to high school

 When he was 16 Jongi went to Clarkburry boarding school with Jongi’s son Justice. When he was at the school he met some very interesting people including a young boy called Oliver Tambo; Oliver became a very important person in Mandela’s Life! Then when he was 21 he went to Fort Hare University in 1939.

Big surprise

 When Justice and Nelson came back they found that Jongi had planned a marriage for them both they didn’t want to get married to two complete strangers so they ran away to Johannesburg which was 700 km away. In Johannesburg they lived in a little town called Alexandra with no running water or electricity. After a few years Jongi fell ill and died so Justice went back to his tribe to take over as chief.

Meeting people

He met many people but one of his best friends was Walter Sisulu. Walter and his family lived in Orlando west .Soweto, a black township near Johannesburg. Nelson looked up to Walter. Like nelson, he was from the Eastern Cape but he had been in Johannes burg longer and new a lot more about the people and the places.

He spent a lot of time at sisulus's home. It was there that he met young Evelyn Mase, a young nurse and relative of Sisulu. He got married and had 2 sons and 2 daughters but sadly one daughter did not live long. Soon nelson and Evelyn parted.

At stimulus’s home he also met his old friend Oliver Tambo again. They were both studying law and in 1952 they set up their own first black law firm in South Africa.

Protests

In 1944 Walter joined the law firm and they began protesting down the streets but then in 1948 the government passed a law that separated blacks and whites making whites live like royalty and blacks live like peasants, you also had to carry a passbook and if you didn’t you’d get thrown in prison. But Nelsons law firm started a protest in 1952 which told people to ignore the “whites only” signs above cinemas post offices and shops. Over 250 people were arrested but thousands joined in.

Secrets

The government didn’t drop its apartheid laws, but the law firm had many more members. They were getting stronger. The government banned Nelson from attending any meetings with the law firm but he kept working for them in secret.

Freedom charter

Many other countries were against the whites as well in 1955 all these countries met in kliptown and Johannesburg, to draw up a freedom charter. The meeting was called the congress of the people, and the charter was a promise to fight for freedom and democracy for all South Africans.  The government didn’t like the charter and arrested 156 congress members including Oliver, Walter and Nelson. They were charged with planning to destroy the government.  The trial last 4 long years but in the end they were found not guilty. During that time he fell in love again.  Winnie Madikizela was a social worker, and a member of the law firm. They got married in 1958 and had two daughters, Zenani and Zindzi.

Nelson Mandela Biography By: Joshua Nair

Nelson Mandela biography

Nelson Mandela was the South African President from 1994-1999. He is known mostly for trying to stop unfairness for South Africa and shortly after that, going to prison. Let me tell you his story.

Early Life

Rolihlahla Mandela was born on July 18^th 1918 in Mvezo, South Africa. At the age of 7, Rolihlahla went to a British school where he picked up the British nickname from his teacher “Nelson”. ( Because his name was to hard to say). He was also the first person in his family to go to school. At the age of 9, his father suffered from tubercolosis and died.  And the Regent, Jogintaba became his guardian. At the age of 16, he attended Clarkebury boarding institute. Nelson received his junior certificate after 2 years unlike the usual 3. When he was 19,(1937) he moved to Healdtown, the Wesleyan college in Fort Beaufort which most Thembu royalty attended. Soon, he took an interest in  boxing and running in school. Later, he joined Fort Hare University, where he met Oliver Tambo. Tambo and Mandela became lifelong friends and colleagues. Mandela also became close friends with kinsman, Kaiser. After leaving Fort Hare, his regent told him and his son that he had arranged marriges for both of them. The young men were shocked and unhappy about the marriages. So, they elected to Johannesburg. Soon after his arrival, he found the job of a guard of a mine. Mandela later started the new job of a clerk at a store. While working at the store, Mandela received his B.A degree at the University of South Africa.

How he went to jail

In 1955, Mandela and a few other colleagues wrote The Freedom Charter which stated “We are the people of South Africa, declare all our country and the world to know:- That South Africa belongs to all who live in it, black and white.” The government where not happy with The Freedom charter and arrested the people who made it, including Mandela. The trial lasted for a long 4 years before Mandela and his friends could be released. During that time, he fell in love again with Winnie Madikizela. He got married 1958 and had 2 children.

How he went to prison

When he got out of jail, Mandela he used a fake passport and used the fake name “David” Eventually, in 1962, he got arrested for leaving the country illegally and using a fake passport. He was sent to prison in the winter of 1962, to a place called “ROBBEN ISLAND”.  And later was sent to a nice place that didn’t have a name. But he had a luxurious prison with pool, Jacuzzi and much more!

What happened when he got out?

He was released on February 2^nd 1990 when State President F.W.de Klerk released him from prison because the man that but him there died and the state president thought what he did was right. In 1994, Nelson Mandela was one of the candidates for the South African President. And everyone in South Africa voted for Nelson Mandela to be president! He was president until 1999. Even when he wasn’t president, he was a very important member to South Africa!

What happens next?

Nelson Mandela is now lying in bed, very sick. Let’s all hope he has a long life!

By: Joshua Nair 5RI

Nelson Mandela - Ariana

Introduction

Nelson Mandela is best known for the first black president of South Africa and he went to prison because he tried to stop apartheid. Mandela also hated people having apartheids. The name Nelson came from his teacher  Miss Mdingane on the first day of school because she thought that since the whites ruled South Africa they should all have an English name.

Early Life

Nelson Mandela was born on 18^th of July 1918; he was born in Umtata, Transkei. The name he was given was Rolihlahla Mandela by his father, He has Khosian ancestry on his mother’s side. His patrilineal great – grandfather Ngubengcuka who died in 1832, ruled as the Inkosi, Enkhulu, or King. Mandela’s father’s name was Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, However, upon alienating the colonial authorities, Dalindyebo would later return the favour by informally adopting Mandela upon Mphakanyiswa's death. Mandela’s father had four wives, with whom he fathered thirteen children four boys and nine girls. Nelson became the first member of his family to go to school. Teacher Miss Mdingane gave him the English name "Nelson” Mandela’s favorite game as a child was stick fighting. Nelsons Mandela’s sisters names are Mabel and Leabie, Leabie died.

When Mandela was nine, his father died in 1930 of tuberculosis, and the regent, Uncle Jongintaba became his guardian. Thembu custom, he was initiated at age sixteen, and attended Clarkebury Boarding Institute. Mandela completed his Junior Certificate in two years, instead of the usual three. Mandela began to study for a Bachelor of Arts at the Fort Hare University, where he met Oliver Tambo. Tambo and Mandela became lifelong friends and colleagues. Mandela also became close friends with his kinsman. His At the end of Nelson's first year, he became involved in a Students' Representative Council boycott against university policies, and was told to leave Fort Hare and not return unless he accepted election to the SRC Later in his life, while in prison, Mandela studied for a Bachelor of Laws from the University of London External Programme.

On 5 December 1956, in response to the adoption of the Freedom Charter at the Congress of the People, the Apartheid government in South Africa arrested a total 156 people, including Chief Albert Luthuli (president of the ANC) and Nelson Mandela.

 Mandela later started work as an articled clerk at a Johannesburg law firm, Witkin, Sidelsky and Edelman, through connections with his friend and mentor, realtor Walter Sisulu. While working at Witkin, Sidelsky and Edelman, Mandela completed his B.A. degree .

Prison

On June 12, 1964, eight of the accused ANC leaders, including Mandela, were sentenced to life in prison because he interrupted a government speech, Mandela was sent to the notorious Robben Island Prison, a maximum security jail near Cape Town. His reputation grew during his years of imprisonment as he became viewed as South Africa's most significant black leader, as well as a symbol for equal rights, justice and resistance against apartheid. While in prison, Mandela refused to compromise his political beliefs in order to obtain his freedom. He stated that "only free men can negotiate. Prisoners cannot enter into contracts." In December 1988, he was transferred to Victor Verster Prison, from where he was eventually released in February 1990, after nearly 27 years of incarceration. Following his release, Mandela wasted no time resuming his life's work: the dismantling of the vicious system of apartheid. After being banned for decades, the first national conference of the ANC was held inside South Africa in 1991. Mandela was elected president of the ANC, while lifelong friend and colleague, Oliver Tambo, became the organization's national chairperson. Mandela played a key

Life in prison was the WORST 27 years of Mandela’s life, Mandela was only allowed two letters a year and guards would read the letter first and cross out any bit in black that he did not need to know. He found out that his mother died on she Died in 1999 On October 9^th and his son died in a car crash in 1969. Mandela was only aloud two visitors a year and they could talk to him for 30 minutes, the guards would also listen to know.

After Prison

He went back to working for justice and equality for all South Africans. Nelson Mandela was released on February 11, 1990. After his release, he plunged himself wholeheartedly into his life's work, striving to attain the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier. In 1991, at the first national conference of the ANC held inside South Africa after the organization had been banned in 1960, Mandela was elected President of the ANC while his lifelong friend and colleague, Oliver Tambo, became the organization’s National Chairperson. Mandela became president of South Africa on the 10^th of May in 1994. Nelson only came out of jail because the president that put him into jail died and the new one let him out, and because that people of South African went in to streets shouting ‘’ Release Mandela, Release Mandela!’’ 

Thank You …

And that is my biography about Nelson Mandela’s life…

The End! J

Nelson Mandela by Keagan

18th July 1918 when nelson was born in a tribe called thumbi . Nelsons official name was rolihlahlala which meant trouble maker. He wasn’t a normal child like us how has mountains of money or massive houses. No he lived in a small town called mvezo. 
 
Growing up
 

•        

 

•         When nelson turned seven his  further decided to in role him into to school. It was a mission school built by Europeans how had came to spread Christianly. No one in nelsons family had so him and his dad took some of his old trousers and cut them to the knee then nelson got a peace of string and tied it against his waist to keep his pants up. But the school was not fancy either it only had one classroom. and the clothes they wore were old and dirty.

The class teacher gave them knew names. His was nelson and that’s how he got his name. the reason she gave out new English names was because back then the Europeans were rolling.    

When he was a young boy they moved from mvezo to the nearby village Qunu. Where he started herding sheep and goats. These were happy days for nelson. Him and his friends swam rivers stole honey from beehives and played stick fight. An Xhosa boys favorite sport.

Nelson Mandela life
By keagan

nelson mundela

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela

A Biography on Nelson Mandela’s life in and out of prison

Notes

•          Born in July 18th 1918.

•          Went to school at 7 years old.

•         Didn’t have enough clothes so his dad cut some of his trousers

•         Father died when 9.

•         Rolihlahla was his real name.

•         Means trouble maker.

•         His favorite game was stick fighting.

•         He was born in Transkei.

•         His father was Chief Henry Mandela of the Tembu Tribe.

•         His father taught him to be braver.

•         His mother taught him old stories.

•         When his father died he got sent to a rich friend.

•         The friend’s name was Jhongi.

•         He had a real car which back then was amazing.

•         He got sent to University College of Fort Hare

•         Jhongi’s son Justice and Nelson Mandela became good friends.

•         Soon after he got sent to boarding school.

•         When he finished he became part of a thing that protests against whites ruling their country.

•         He got an arrange marriage with somebody so he left the country illegally with a fake passport.

•         He got sentenced in prison for life but only went for 27 years.

Why He Was Famous

Nelson Mandela was famous for protesting against the whites to get his freedom and his countries right to be free. Along the way he came into prison and lots more.

The Beginning

He was born on July 18 1918 in Umtata, Transkei. His real name was Rolihlahla which means trouble maker. He got sent to school at 7 years old but since he wasn’t rich his dad cut down some of his trousers so they looked like shorts.

Even though he was learning at school his dad at home was teaching him how to be a brave tribe boy and his mum was teaching him great ancient stories about Africa. He liked to go outside after school to play some awesome stick fighting which was his hobby.

Later on

2 years further on in his story his father chief Henry Mandela of the Tembu Tribe died so he got sent to a rich friend of his called Jhongi who amazingly back then had a running car. Jhongi had a son called Justice; Nelson and Justice became friends of a growing friendship.

Jhongi sent Nelson to the University College of Fort Hare to get educated well, at the school everybody had to wear a intelligent school uniform so that was a new experience.

Soon he got an unexpected arranged marriage so he illegally left the country with a smart fake passport, so when he got there he got sentenced for life in jail but only went for 27 years because of protests to let him out.

He spent 18 of his 27 years in his minute cell on Robin Island then he got shipped out to another island which the cell was better but it had higher security.

Afterwards they had a vote of who was going to be the new president and Nelson won, so he made some changes like to make the country free again!

Never, never and never again will this country face such horrors.” By Nelson Mandela when he was president.

By Julian Popovski Jones

Nelson Mandela by aya

NELSON MANDELA

CHILDHOOD

Rolihlahla Nelson Mandela (Rolihlahla, meaning troublemaker in Xhosa) was born on the 18th of July 1918, in a small village called Mvezo, Transkei in the beautiful Eastern Cape of South Africa! Because the English Europeans were ruling South Africa that time, Miss Mdingane (Rolihlahla’s school teacher) thought that every student should have an English name. So that’s how Nelson got his name, “Nelson Mandela”. Nelson Mandela was well-known for doing what he believed in and he even fought for his own freedom and other people’s freedom as well. He also was the first person in the world to mix the blacks and whites! Nelson has received more than 250 awards over four decades, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. Nelson’s childhood was peacefully spent cattle herding the family’s sheep’s and goat’s!

Nelson Mandela was not the only child, as he had a younger sister called Lieby Piliso. Depressingly Nelson’s sister, Lieby Piliso had her funeral on February the 9^th 1997 which is 14 years away from now. She was a witness for 20 years, and was also a faithful servant of Jehovah up to her death for over twenty years, although her husband was not a great believer. Rolihlahla Nelson Mandela (also known as Nelson Mandela) had a second sister

Rolihlahla’s dad was named Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa who was served as chief of the tiny town Mvezo. Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa had four wives, with whom he fathered thirteen children, four boys and 9 girls. Mandela was born to his dad’s third wife, Nosekeni Fanny! Nosekeni Fanny was a daughter of Nkedama of the Mpemvu Xhosa clan.

Rolihlahla Nelson Mandela gradually became the first member of his family to attend a school, where his teacher Miss Mdingane gave him the English name "Nelson" as the English Europeans ruled South Africa that time! Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (Nelson’s father) sent him to school at the age of 7! He soon became really intelligent and was smart enough to get his junior certificate in 2 years time instead of the usual three years time, as that is the time when you are actually supposed to earn your Junior certificate.. Not only his teacher taught him in School, but his mother taught him how to help others and many more at home. Nelson attended a Wesleyan mission school located next to the palace of the regent. Mandela’s school was only for black Africans, but was built by the white English Europeans who came to spread Christianity in the gorgeous South Africa. Sadly aged around 48, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (Rolihlahla Nelson Mandela’s father) the chief became very ill and upsettingly died of a terrible disease called tuberculosis.

IMPRISONMENT/LIFE IN PRISON

Not so long later, Nelson Mandela began encouraging many other colored people to fight against the apartheid in South Africa. So for that reason he was arrested on the 5^th of August 1962 after living on the run for seventeen months, and was imprisoned in the Johannesburg Fort. Robben Island Prison was the first Prison that Nelson Mandela was sent to!! In Robben Island Prison rules were very basic and simple, since not all of the people imprisoned had to do hard labor!

In March 1982 Nelson moved to a new prison called Polls Moor Prison in Polls Moor Island which is quite similar to Robben Island Prison in Robben Island. Unlike Robben Island the new prison was cleaner but it was very well secured, so no one can escape! Unfortunately Nelson Mandela was only allowed 2 visitors a year for 30 minutes each, and could only write and send 2 letters a year. While he was in prison he became well known for being the most significant black African leader of all time! Nelson Mandela spent 27 years of his life in Prison horribly in Robben Island Prison; Polls moor Prison as well as Victor Verster Prison!

5 years later, Nelson Mandela was transferred to Victor Verster Prison and remained there until his lucky day which was his release day! Various restrictions were lifted and people such as Harry Schwarz were able to visit him. Harry Schwarz, a friend of Mandela, had known him since university when they were in the same law class. He was also a defense barrister at the Rivonia Trial and would become Mandela's ambassador to Washington during his presidency.

Nelson Mandela was visited several times over and over again by delegates of the International Committee of the Red Cross, while at Robben Island and later at Polls moor prison. Mandela had this to say about the visits: "to me personally, and those who shared the experience of being political prisoners, the Red Cross was a beacon of humanity within the dark inhumane world of political imprisonment."

wrote a speech in 26^th November 1995 to become president of South Africa.  Nelson was the first South African president to be elected in a fully respective democratic election!



nelson mundelas life

 

18th July 1918 when nelson was born in a tribe called thumbi . Nelsons official name was rolihlahlala which meant trouble maker. He wasn’t a normal child like us how has mountains of money or massive houses. No he lived in a small town called mvezo. 
 
Growing up
 

•        

 

•         When nelson turned seven his  further decided to in role him into to school. It was a mission school built by Europeans how had came to spread Christianly. No one in nelsons family had so him and his dad took some of his old trousers and cut them to the knee then nelson got a peace of string and tied it against his waist to keep his pants up. But the school was not fancy either it only had one classroom. and the clothes they wore were old and dirty.

The class teacher gave them knew names. His was nelson and that’s how he got his name. the reason she gave out new English names was because back then the Europeans were rolling.    

When he was a young boy they moved from mvezo to the nearby village Qunu. Where he started herding sheep and goats. These were happy days for nelson. Him and his friends swam rivers stole honey from beehives and played stick fight. An Xhosa boys favorite sport.

Nelson Mandela life
By keagan

nelson mundela